Adult Cold Preparations (4-9)

What it is and how it works

A category of over-the-counter fixed-dose combinations for adults, in tablet, capsule or powder (hot drink) form, typically combining an analgesic-antipyretic such as paracetamol with variable amounts of an antihistamine, a nasal decongestant, an antitussive or expectorant, caffeine and/or vitamin C. The components act on separate symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.

Indications

Short-term symptomatic relief of common cold and influenza symptoms in adults, including fever, headache, aches, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea and cough.

Contraindications

Depend on the components; commonly hypersensitivity, severe hypertension or coronary disease, use with MAO inhibitors and severe hepatic impairment.

Warnings and precautions

Composition varies between products; avoid concomitant use of other paracetamol-, NSAID- or decongestant-containing medicines. Products with sedating antihistamines cause drowsiness. Use for more than a few days or in chronic cardiovascular, thyroid, prostatic or ocular disease requires medical advice.

Pregnancy

Generally avoided in pregnancy unless advised by a physician.

Storage and supply

Store below 25 °C in a dry place, protected from light.

Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.