Alfentanil

What it is and how it works

Alfentanil is a potent mu-opioid receptor agonist with rapid onset and short duration of action. It provides intense analgesia and, at higher doses, contributes to anaesthesia by depressing central nociceptive transmission.

Indications

Analgesia during short surgical procedures and as an adjunct to general anaesthesia; analgesia and respiratory depression in ventilated patients in intensive care.

Dosage and administration (summary)

Dosing is individualised by the anaesthetist according to procedure, duration and whether ventilation is assisted; given by intravenous bolus and/or infusion.

Contraindications

Respiratory depression without ventilatory support; hypersensitivity to alfentanil or other opioids; use with MAO inhibitors.

Warnings and precautions

Profound respiratory depression and muscle (chest wall) rigidity may occur; must be used only by staff trained in airway management with resuscitation facilities available. Bradycardia and hypotension may occur. Clearance is reduced by CYP3A4 inhibitors such as erythromycin, ritonavir and azole antifungals.

Pregnancy

Use only if clearly needed; may cause neonatal respiratory depression if given during labour.

Storage and supply

Store below 25 °C, protected from light.

Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.