Anticoagulant

What it is and how it works

Sodium citrate chelates ionised calcium in blood, preventing activation of calcium-dependent steps of the coagulation cascade; dextrose in formulations such as acid citrate dextrose supports red-cell viability. It acts only in the extracorporeal circuit or collection container.

Indications

Anticoagulation of whole blood in apheresis and other extracorporeal procedures, and in the collection and processing of blood components.

Dosage and administration (summary)

Used according to the apheresis device and procedure protocol, metered into the extracorporeal circuit at a set anticoagulant-to-blood ratio; not for direct intravenous infusion.

Contraindications

Not for direct intravenous injection into patients.

Warnings and precautions

Citrate returned with processed blood may cause hypocalcaemia (perioral paraesthesia, muscle cramps, arrhythmias), especially in hepatic impairment or with high flow rates; calcium supplementation may be required. Use only with compatible devices and inspect for clarity and leaks before use.

Storage and supply

Store below 25 °C; do not freeze; protect from excessive heat.

Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.