Oxymetholone

What it is and how it works

Oxymetholone is an oral synthetic derivative of dihydrotestosterone that stimulates erythropoiesis, partly by enhancing erythropoietin production, and has anabolic effects on protein metabolism.

Indications

Anaemias caused by deficient red cell production, including acquired and congenital aplastic anaemia, myelofibrosis and hypoplastic anaemias due to myelotoxic drugs.

Dosage and administration (summary)

Oral: usually 1–5 mg/kg daily, most commonly 1–2 mg/kg daily, individualised by the haematologist; a response may take 3–6 months.

Contraindications

Carcinoma of the prostate or male breast, carcinoma of the breast with hypercalcaemia in women, nephrosis, severe hepatic dysfunction and pregnancy.

Warnings and precautions

Peliosis hepatis, liver cell tumours and cholestatic jaundice may occur; monitor liver function regularly. Can cause virilisation in women, fluid retention, adverse lipid changes and premature epiphyseal closure in children. Enhances the effect of oral anticoagulants.

Pregnancy

Contraindicated because of the risk of masculinisation of the female fetus.

Storage and supply

Store below 25 °C.

Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.