Ringers

What it is and how it works

Ringer’s solution contains sodium chloride with small amounts of potassium chloride and calcium chloride, in concentrations approximating those of extracellular fluid but without a bicarbonate precursor. It restores extracellular fluid volume and electrolytes.

Indications

Replacement of extracellular fluid and electrolyte losses, particularly with hypochloraemia (e.g. vomiting); vehicle for compatible intravenous medicines.

Dosage and administration (summary)

Given by intravenous infusion; volume and rate are individualised according to age, weight, clinical condition, fluid balance and electrolytes.

Contraindications

Fluid overload, hyperkalaemia, hypercalcaemia, hyperchloraemia and severe hypernatraemia; concurrent ceftriaxone infusion in neonates.

Warnings and precautions

Monitor fluid balance and electrolytes, and use with caution in heart failure, renal impairment and oedema. Large volumes may cause hyperchloraemic acidosis; because it contains calcium, avoid administration through the same line as blood or ceftriaxone.

Pregnancy

May be used in pregnancy with fluid balance monitoring.

Storage and supply

Store below 25 °C; do not freeze; use only if the solution is clear and the container undamaged.

Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.