Finished product reference
Sodium Nitrite
Injection · Parenteral · 30 mg/1mL
- List code
- 1679
- Pharmacologic class
- Antidote for cyanide poisoning (methaemoglobin-forming agent)
What it is and how it works
Sodium nitrite oxidises haemoglobin to methaemoglobin, which binds cyanide to form cyanmethaemoglobin and releases cytochrome oxidase; nitrite-induced vasodilation may also contribute. It is followed by sodium thiosulfate, which converts cyanide to less toxic thiocyanate.
Indications
Treatment of acute cyanide poisoning, in sequence with sodium thiosulfate.
Dosage and administration (summary)
Adults: 300 mg (10 mL of a 3% solution) by slow intravenous injection over about 5–20 minutes, followed by sodium thiosulfate; repeat doses guided by clinical response and methaemoglobin levels.
Contraindications
No absolute contraindication in life-threatening cyanide poisoning; use is hazardous when cyanide poisoning is accompanied by significant carbon monoxide poisoning (e.g. smoke inhalation), where hydroxocobalamin is preferred.
Warnings and precautions
May cause marked hypotension and excessive methaemoglobinaemia; monitor blood pressure and methaemoglobin concentration. Patients with G6PD deficiency are at risk of haemolysis. Use under specialist or poison-centre guidance.
Pregnancy
Should be given if needed to treat life-threatening poisoning; fetal haemoglobin is more susceptible to methaemoglobin formation.
Storage and supply
Store below 25 °C; do not freeze.
Source: reference summary prepared from the EU SmPC/EPAR, BNF and WHO Model Formulary. The approved product information in Iran governs.
Reference information for professional sourcing and registration enquiries, not medical advice or a promotion. Drug information is condensed from US FDA prescribing information (public domain, via openFDA and DailyMed) and does not replace the product’s approved labelling in Iran. Availability, origin and documentation are confirmed per enquiry.
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