Lidocaine / Epinephrine

What it is and how it works

Mechanism of Action Lidocaine hydrochloride stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses thereby effecting local anesthetic action. Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor added to lidocaine to slow absorption into the general circulation and thus prolong maintenance of an active tissue concentration.

Mechanism class: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists · Adrenergic beta-Agonists

Indications

Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection is indicated in adult and pediatric patients for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, dental, and oral surgery procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures. Specific concentrations and presentations of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection are recommended for each type of block indicated to produce local or regional anesthesia or analgesia . Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection is a combination of lidocaine, an amide local anesthetic, and epinephrine, an alpha and beta adrenergic agonist. Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection is indicated in adult and pediatric patients for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, dental, and oral surgery procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures. For each type of block indicated to produce local or regional anesthesia or analgesia, specific concentrations and presentations are recommended. ( 1 , 2.2 )

Dosage and administration (summary)

See Full Prescribing Information for recommended dosages and administration information for adult and pediatric patients Important Dosage and Administration Information Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection is not recommended for intrathecal use. Avoid use of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine solutions containing antimicrobial preservatives (i.e., multiple-dose vials) for epidural or caudal anesthesia . Discard unused portions of solution not containing preservatives, i.e., those supplied in single-dose vials, following initial use. Visually inspect this product for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

Contraindications

Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injections are contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to lidocaine or to any local anesthetics of the amide-type or to other components of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injections. Known hypersensitivity to any local anesthetic agent of the amide-type or to other components of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine Injection.

Warnings and precautions

Dose-Related Toxicity : Monitor cardiovascular and respiratory vital signs and patient’s state of consciousness after injection of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Epinephrine. Methemoglobinemia : Cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in association with local anesthetics use. See full prescribing information for more details on managing these risks. Chondrolysis with Intra-Articular Infusion : Avoid intra-articular infusions as there have been post-marketing reports of chondrolysis in patients receiving such infusion.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Risk Summary Available published data and decades of clinical use with lidocaine hydrochloride in pregnant women have not identified any drug-associated risk for major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.

Storage and supply

Do not autoclave. Storage : All solutions should be stored at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) . Protect from light . For single-dose vials and ampules: Discard unused portion.

Source: Lidocaine Hydrochloride And Epinephrine (Lidocaine Hydrochloride And Epinephrine) — US FDA prescribing information, 2026-04-22, DailyMed. Summarised and shortened; the full label governs. Iranian registration, indications and labelling may differ.