Latanoprost

What it is and how it works

Mechanism of Action Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F 2α analogue that is believed to reduce the IOP by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor. Studies in animals and man suggest that the main mechanism of action is increased uveoscleral outflow. Elevated IOP represents a major risk factor for glaucomatous field loss. The higher the level of IOP, the greater the likelihood of optic nerve damage and visual field loss.

Indications

Latanoprost ophthalmic solution is indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Latanoprost ophthalmic solution is a prostaglandin F 2α analogue indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Dosage and administration (summary)

The recommended dosage is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. If one dose is missed, treatment should continue with the next dose as normal. The dosage of latanoprost ophthalmic solution should not exceed once daily; the combined use of two or more prostaglandins, or prostaglandin analogs including latanoprost ophthalmic solution is not recommended. It has been shown that administration of these prostaglandin drug products more than once daily may decrease the IOP lowering effect or cause paradoxical elevations in IOP. Reduction of the IOP starts approximately 3 to 4 hours after administration and the maximum effect is reached after 8 to 12 hours.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium chloride, or any other ingredients in this product. Known hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium chloride, or any other ingredients in this product.

Warnings and precautions

Pigmentation : Pigmentation of the iris, periorbital tissue (eyelid) and eyelashes can occur. Iris pigmentation likely to be permanent. Eyelash Changes : Gradual change to eyelashes including increased length, thickness and number of lashes. Usually reversible. Pigmentation Latanoprost has been reported to cause changes to pigmented tissues. The most frequently reported changes have been increased pigmentation of the iris, periorbital tissue (eyelid), and eyelashes. Pigmentation is expected to increase as long as latanoprost is administered.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of latanoprost administration in pregnant women to inform drug-associated risks. In animal reproduction studies, intravenous (IV) administration of latanoprost to pregnant rabbits and rats throughout the period of organogenesis produced malformations, embryofetal lethality and…

Storage and supply

Latanoprost ophthalmic solution, 0.005% (50 mcg/mL) is a clear, isotonic, buffered, preserved colorless solution. It is supplied as a 2.5 mL solution in a 5 mL natural LDPE bottle with LDPE nozzle and turquoise color HDPE cap with a tamper-evident ring.

Source: Latanoprost (Latanoprost) — US FDA prescribing information, 2024-09-27, DailyMed. Summarised and shortened; the full label governs. Iranian registration, indications and labelling may differ.